{"id":26,"date":"2018-08-21T12:55:06","date_gmt":"2018-08-21T12:55:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/?page_id=26"},"modified":"2022-03-31T12:14:26","modified_gmt":"2022-03-31T12:14:26","slug":"late-medieval","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/sample-page\/late-medieval\/","title":{"rendered":"Late Medieval"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Late Medieval Research Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Chronologies<\/h2>\n\n\n

LM01: How can we improve the dendrochronological sequencing for the medieval period in the north-west? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900a938b<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.02 – Improve the dendrochronology sequence for the region, with more samples taken from standing buildings as well as excavated preserved wooden objects.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Expansion of dendrochronology. Establish a regional master sequence against which to compare samples.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
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Rural Settlement and Land use<\/h2>\n\n\n

LM02: What is our understanding of late medieval land reclamation, water management and exploitation of natural resources? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900aaf52<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.13 – Study climatic changes in the medieval period (plus human use of landscape\/vegetation).<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Link these to Documentary research to establish patterns of land use and change. Look at population growth leading to encroachment on common land.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM03: How did small settlements evolve and exploit environmental resources? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900ab613<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Link to documentary research where such resources exist. Link to growth of nucleated settlements. Test hypothesis of chronology and village development by excavation. Medieval sites need to be understood in the context of their location within the township and in relation to the manorial facilities.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM04: How can place name evidence inform our understanding of the expansion of Medieval dispersed settlements? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900abd5b<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.09 – Examine individual dispersed settlements, especially those with hey, ridding, stubbing, thwaite, or other names possibly associated with medieval settlement expansion.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Archaeological investigation of developments on the edge of smaller and rural settlements and DMVs. Link to documentary research where such resources exist. Is there a discernible difference in settlement\/boundary patterns between royal forests\/game areas and other landscapes?<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM05: How can we recreate the medieval land-use patterns within townships? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900ac370<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Cheshire HLC clearly shows patterns of medieval assarts and wetland reclamation.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM06: How can the impact of landholding and lordship be identified by wider landscape studies? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900acab6<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Carry out wider landscape studies based upon individual estates, to investigate the impact of particular forms of landholding and lordship.  Landscape-based surveys should be undertaken at various levels of historic land holdings and divisions such as the honour, manor and township, to test the underlying hypothesis of both county based HLCs and Roberts and Wrathmell’s (2002a) national analysis of settlement patterns. Link to documentary research where such resources exist. Use detailed aerial photo or LIDAR work on selected deer parks to determine the typology of subdivision and further documentary research to explore prevalence of deer leaps.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM07: How we can use inter-regional and cross-border concepts to aid our understanding of the relationships between settlements in the medieval period? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900ad0fe<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Cross border research initiative to understand cultural identity, medieval borders, particularly with Wales, Scotland, Ireland and the Isle of Man. Still very little cross-border collaboration in the north. Need to expand – does cross-border include the Isle of Man and Irish Sea?<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM08: How can the impact of plague, climate change and war be identified through the archaeological investigation of rural settlements? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900ad6ed<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Application of scientific methodologies particularly to burial studies. Also identification of land\/resettlement in upland areas in early part of late medieval period, then abandoned post Black Death and resettled as population expanded again. Settlement desertion – excavation linked to scientific dating.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM09: How can the analysis of peat and documentary evidence enhance our knowledge of the Right of Turbury? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900add72<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Review relevant grey literature and historic research, and target palaeoenvironmental work.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM10: How can a review of excavated and surveyed extant farm buildings and house types contribute to our understanding of the late medieval\/early Post Medieval transition? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900ae413<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Revise and enhance regional typologies. Undertake surveys of farm buildings and house types across the Medieval and Post Medieval transition. Is a synthesis required?<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM11: How can we improve our understanding of the origins and developments of building types from early med to late medieval? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900ae9d8<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Establish better chronologies through excavation and survey that link standing and below ground building remains to chronologies established through artefact and dendrochronological analysis. Is a synthesis required?<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM12: How do we improve our knowledge of the regions various agricultural practices, plant and animal husbandry, and how did these change and develop over time? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howdoweimproveo-5d5bad0f5a15b<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Ensure a full range of appropriate archaeological techniques are applied, such as palaeoenvironmental analysis, landscape survey, place name and documentary evidence. Continue to apply new techniques to old and new animal bone assemblages to establish the range of animals that were managed and their movement across the region  and country (isotope analysis). Look at East Midlands research on land ownership changes post Norman Conquest eg. larger estates including the royal hunting forests<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM13: What can we learn about the origins and development of the use of managed woodlands across the region? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900af5fb<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Dendrochronology and palaeoenvironmental evidence along with evidence that for various industrial uses of woodland and woodland products need synthesis to begin to contextualise and understand the extent and importance of woodland management across the region. Surveys of ancient woodland looking for archaeological features is currently occurring in West Yorkshire: ‘Celebrating our Woodland Heritage Project’. Can this be rolled out in the North West?<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM14: How can we improve our understanding of the form, evolution and functions of buildings within rural settlements and establish the extent of surviving medieval fabrics? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900afbe6<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Multiple uses of buildings and dual economy. Synthesis of work on barns. Investigate the morphology of rural settlements.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM15: How have recent detailed surveys of medieval halls informed our understanding of their evolution and transition to modern housing? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900b011e<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

There have been a number of large scale and detailed surveys of Medieval and Tudor halls in recent years. These should be synthesised to help understanding of the transition to modern housing.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM16: What insights can graffiti and protective markings provide on medieval and later societies and their beliefs? LINKS with Q27 and Q32 <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900b0763<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Apotropaic markings in higher status timber framed buildings – protective marks and graffiti. Review effectiveness of recent surveys and roll out programme across North-West. Train and use local heritage groups as with the Greater Manchester model.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Urban Settlement<\/h2>\n\n\n

LM17: How can we identify the potential survival of Medieval urban fabric and stratigraphy? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900b0cea<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Surveying to identify streets, cellars and back plots.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM18: What more can we learn about the defence of Medieval towns and smaller settlements? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900b135e<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Undertake new surveys of town defences and revisit archives. Work in Chester is on-going and much has been done from the point of view of historians; need to ensure this work is linked with the archaeological studies to form an holistic approach. Include siege works. <\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM19: How can archaeological investigations be targeted to define the character and function of the region’s earliest towns in the immediate post-Conquest period <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900b1971<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Continue to use the planning system to target excavations in known Medieval town centres, as has happened in Salford and Manchester.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM20: How can we make sure urban archaeological databases are accessible and up to date for key medieval towns? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Areurbanarchaeo-5d5bad0f5d130<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Review coverage and condition of UADs, including Carlisle and Lancaster, and accessibility and updating of urban archaeological database. Need to be made more accessible for front end users such as planners and able to update.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM21: How can below-ground archaeological investigations shed light on the role and nature of small towns? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-5d9b5900b26ba<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Buildings on stone footprints as shown on tithe and earlier maps should be investigated for earlier fabrics. Consider failed towns and their differences with successful ones.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Committee <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 07\/10\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM22: What differences are there in the stratigraphy and material culture of urban settlements linked to industrial specialisations as opposed to smaller market towns?” <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Whatdifferences-5d5bad0f5dcd8<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5><\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM23: Should large planned villages be considered “Urban” and if not, what are the differences? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Shouldlargeplan-5d5bad0f5e486<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Identify potential sites and develop a methodology. Potential issues with shallower deposits on small urban and rural sites.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
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Religion, Ritual and Ceremony<\/h2>\n\n\n

LM24: How can archaeological techniques be applied to enhance our understanding of the evolution and character of monasteries and lesser religious houses? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanarchaeolo-5d5bad0f5e9b6<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.24 – Prioritise investigation of the buildings of urban friaries.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Study the origin and decline of hermitages. Link to documentary research where such resources exist. In addition to monastic outer courts, ancillary buildings and precinct boundaries, should estates (eg. gardens, farms and granges) be included?<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM25: How can modern approaches to buildings analysis increase our understanding of the structural evolution of Medieval churches? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanmodernapp-5d5bad0f5efb5<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.25 – Undertake buildings analysis using modern approaches and techniques on churches.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Apply modern approaches and techniques to building surveys and compare with previous studies to establish new data. Link to documentary research where such resources exist.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM26: How did the location of Medieval churches and other religious houses relate to and influence Medieval settlement patterns? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howdidthelocati-5d5bad0f5f588<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Look at what influenced the location of ecclesiastical sites.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM27: What evidence is there for Medieval popular belief and spiritual customs? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Whatevidenceist-5d5bad0f5fb92<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Target timber and stone buildings and other features such as holy wells. Devise strategy on identification of apotropaic markings. Look closer at graffiti in Medieval churches, Expand the Greater Manchester graffiti survey model. Links with LM16 and LM32<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM28: How can we identify regional trends in the development of church architecture, sculpture and other decorative schemes; and are there regional styles or are the relationships more nationally based? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanweidentif-5d5bad0f60095<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Ensure the full range of church architecture, monuments fixtures and fittings are recorded and subject to regional analysis. Collate and synthesise existing surveys and reports to inform regional studies. <\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM29: What was the impact of the Reformation upon ecclesiastical buildings and monastic estates? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Whatwastheimpac-5d5bad0f6069a<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Study post-Dissolution re-use of monastic structures and continuity of monastic estates. Landscape surveys, historic research into estates, place name evidence, study of adapted buildings and re-used building materials. Link to documentary research where such resources exist.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM30: How can we better understand the layout and function of grange estates? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanwebetteru-5d5bad0f60b73<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Invasive and non-invasive investigations: historic research, landscape survey, geophysics, aerial photography and LIDAR analysis, targeted excavation. Link to documentary research where such resources exist. Examine the disparity of use.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM31: How can we improve our knowledge of the health and composition of the general population over this period; do new population demographics arise from conquest, depletion, immigration and other movement, and is it possible to identify more mobile individuals in communities? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanweimprove-5d5bad0f61091<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Ensure that the limited resource of human burials of this period is subject to the full range of current archaeological and scientific techniques for studying all aspects such as health and place of origin. Include documentary evidence for population immigration and emigration (isotope and DNA analysis). Where possible apply new techniques to existing assemblages. Link to documentary evidence where this exists. Pay particular attention to the demographics of the coastal towns\/cities.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM32: How common are apotropaic markings in timber and stone churches and what are their meanings? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/32.Howcommonare-5d5bad0f6163b<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Adapt and develop successful models from within and outside the region to survey early churches in the North-West. Look for opportunities to engage the help of volunteers from local heritage groups and elsewhere. Train local volunteers to spread coverage of the survey and harness local knowledge and enthusiasm. Links to LM16 and LM27<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM33: What does the development of church architecture tell us about the “authority” of the church? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Whatdoesthedeve-5d5bad0f61b16<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>A study of the development of church architecture, “the architecture of authority.” <\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Defence, Warfare and Military Activity<\/h2>\n\n\n

LM34: How can modern survey and excavation techniques improve our understanding of the origins and architecture of castles and defended sites? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanmodernsur-5d5bad0f61fda<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.33 – Undertake detailed interpretative fabric surveys of fortified houses.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Synthesis of the Castle Studies Group work at Lancaster castle and elsewhere in the region. Photogrammetic coverage of exterior of Lancaster Castle is incomplete and 3D modelling might give better ability to interpret. The Castle Studies Group work has re-ignited interest but gives a somewhat biased chronology which needs to be revised and tested.<\/p>n

Utilise a suite of modern techniques, dendrochronology, geoarchaeology, Lidar and GPR for fabric surveys. Link to documentary research where such resources exist. Include moated sites.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM35: How can selective excavation and geophysical surveys identify the presence of earth and timber antecedents of stone castle sites? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanselective-5d5bad0f625ca<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5><\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM36: What more we can learn about the sites and locations of battles and invasion routes? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Whatmorewecanle-5d5bad0f62bce<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.34 – Undertake documentary research combined with topographical analysis and gridded metal detector surveys to locate the Battle of Solway Moss more accurately.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5><\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM37: How can we measure the impact of Scottish and Welsh raiding on the medieval buildings and landscapes of the North-West? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/check-5d5bad0f6327c<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Undertake landscape and topographic surveys, environmental evidence, historic research, study defensive adaptation of vernacular buildings. Link to documentary research where such resources exist.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM38: How can archaeology demonstrate the effect of the Norman Harrying of the North on Medieval settlement and landscape? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanarchaeolo-5d5bad0f63907<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Use landscape and topographic surveys, environmental evidence, historic research. Use Domesday Survey where appropriate eg. Clitheroe and use Yorkshire evidence.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM39: How extensive and effective were urban defences? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howextensiveand-5d5bad0f63f31<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Determine if defences were for actual use, and if the presence of defences were related to a settlement’s status or a reflection on it prosperity.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM40: To what extent is the impact of the War of the Roses evident in the archaeological record? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Towhatextentist-5d5bad0f644ca<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Use landscape and topographic surveys, PAS data, environmental evidence, burial evidence, historic research, study of defensive adaptation of structures. <\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM41: To what extent was the development of defensive or pseudo-defensive structures linked to cultural ideas of landscape and power, and are these reflected in the development of high status residences from the castle and defended house to the later stately home, country house and estate? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Towhatextentwas-5d5bad0f649cc<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Ideas of expressions of lordship and power and their relationship to the landscape are coming to the fore in history studies. The relationships to landscape and resource exploitation may be governed by cultural factors as much as by those of economy and practicality. Power centres need to be studied in their cultural setting.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Technology and Production<\/h2>\n\n\n

LM42: How can we contextualise Medieval industrial remains within estate-based surveys of monastic and secular based buildings and land holdings? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/42.Howcanwecont-5d5bad0f64f47<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.35 – Identify likely medieval industrial remains within estate-based surveys of both monastic and secular holdings.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

PAS data. Link to documentary research where such resources exist.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM43: What can recent investigations tell us about Medieval iron production and how can this inform future targeting of research? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Whatcanrecentin-5d5bad0f654e2<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.36 – Investigate bloomery sites in Furness and other major iron working areas using geophysical techniques.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Undertake a review of recent investigations, identification of sites\/areas of research. Place name evidence, documentary evidence for iron and other metal sites. Excavate selective bloomeries, especially where evidence of water power usage, to discover their dates and technological development<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM44: How can modern analysis techniques improve our understanding of Medieval non-ferrous extraction and production sites? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanmodernana-5d5bad0f65acc<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.38 – Undertake combined documentary and topographical surveys, and where appropriate palaeoenvironmental and geochemical analysis, to identify areas and relicts of medieval mining and non-ferrous metal working.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Place name evidence, documentary evidence for non-ferrous metal sites.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n

LM45: What can recent analysis of building materials tell us about building industry techniques and resource management? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
More information: <\/h5>Routine analysis of datable building materials to gain information on both building industry technology and the nature of woodland industries and management. The timber-framed halls and churches in the south of the region may be particularly useful in this respect. (5.6:5.39) <\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.39 – Undertake routine analysis of datable building materials.<\/a> <\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5>20\/08\/2024 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>North West Research Framework<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Woodland<\/a>, <\/span>Medieval<\/a>, <\/span>Assemblage<\/a>, <\/span>Timber framed building<\/a>, <\/span>North west<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

LM46: How can we best identify and date ceramic kiln sites? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
More information: <\/h5>

Research place name evidence. Review our understanding of the location of ceramic production centres.<\/p> <\/span>

Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.40 – Identify and investigate pottery kiln sites.<\/a> <\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5>20\/08\/2024 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>North West Research Framework<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Medieval<\/a>, <\/span>Pottery kiln<\/a>, <\/span>Archaeomagnetic sampling<\/a>, <\/span>Place name study<\/a>, <\/span>North west<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

LM47: How can detailed archaeological investigation define the location and character of water powered mills, especially fulling mills? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
More information: <\/h5>

As precursors to the later industrial scale textile industry.\u00a0<\/p> <\/span>

Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.41 – Undertake detailed investigation of mill sites, especially fulling mills.<\/a> <\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5>20\/08\/2024 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>North West Research Framework<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Medieval<\/a>, <\/span>Textile mill<\/a>, <\/span>Fulling mill<\/a>, <\/span>North west<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

LM48: What do we know about the nature and development of Medieval urban-based industries? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
More information: <\/h5>

\u00a0<\/p>n

\u00a0<\/p> <\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5>20\/08\/2024 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>North West Research Framework<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Industrial<\/a>, <\/span>Medieval<\/a>, <\/span>Town<\/a>, <\/span>North west<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

LM49: How can the analysis of place and street names inform our understanding of urban industries? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
More information: <\/h5>Utilise Urban Archaeological Databases, Extensive Urban Surveys, Historical Landscape Characterisation, dedicated historic research. <\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5>20\/08\/2024 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>North West Research Framework<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Industrial<\/a>, <\/span>Medieval<\/a>, <\/span>Town<\/a>, <\/span>Historic landscape characterisation<\/a>, <\/span>Place name study<\/a>, <\/span>North west<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n

LM50: How can archaeological studies further our knowledge of the development of ceramic building material production? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanarchaeolo-5d5bad0f6804d<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Identification and investigation of tile and brick kiln sites including the use of archaeomagnetic dating to identify sequences more closely and investigate the links between producers and consumers. Research place name evidence.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM51: How can we improve knowledge of the extractive industries to include stone as well as minerals? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanweimprove-5d5bad0f685af<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>The area is known for mining but the origins of this are obscured by latter extraction on an industrial scale. Ensure that the study of mining landscapes includes acknowledgement of possible origins. The study of stone extraction has been neglected with many small quarries across the region whose origins and period of use are unknown. Link these to buildings and their construction materials and origins. Can we link stone in settlement and industrial buildings to particular quarries?<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Trade, Exchange and Interaction<\/h2>\n\n\n

LM52: How can we improve our understanding of Medieval ports and distribution networks? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanweimprove-5d5bad0f68bec<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Documentary research and artefact and sample excavations needed. Maritime archaeology. Can we establish the existence of an “Irish Sea Zone”? Work with CITIZAN. Use PAS data to track trading networks through styles of object etc.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM53: How can maritime archaeology identify and expand our knowledge of Medieval wreck sites? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanmaritimea-5d5bad0f6a268<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

A resource is needed for chance discoveries. Work with Nautical Archaeology Society Engage local groups to survey vessels. Need co-ordinated dating programme to research undated vessels recorded by rapid coastal zone survey.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM54: How can we develop our understanding of the distribution networks for pottery production sites? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanwedevelop-5d5bad0f6aa0a<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.45 – Undertake regional pottery studies examining distributions from production centres and the apparent biases within the data and the perceptions of the nature of the data.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Reference collection required for Medieval ceramics. Encourage detectorists to pick up and record their pottery with PAS through targeted talks – many currently dismiss it. Mapping of production centres is needed, possibly on volunteer network model.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM55: How can we develop a ceramic typology for the medieval period? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanwedevelop-5d5bad0f6b056<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Apply the Rainford model for early Post-Medieval typologies to medieval pottery forms.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM56: How can we identify different patterns of social interaction from artefact assemblage studies? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/check-5d5bad0f6b744<\/a><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5>LM5.46 – Undertake artefacts studies contrasting well dated urban assemblages with those from nearby contemporary rural sites and contrasting high status site assemblages with those from ordinary sites.<\/a> <\/span>
More information: <\/h5>

Contrast urban and rural, high and low status sites.<\/p><\/span>

Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n

LM57: What are the inter relationships between urban settlements and their rural hinterlands? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Whataretheinter-5d5bad0f6bc81<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Use distribution and trade patterns, central place theory models. Fairs at abbeys and priories were banned in the early 15th century but where did they take place (eg. outer court at Whalley Abbey) and did they continue? Expand and build on Extensive Urban Surveys. Are urban settlements always administrative centres? If not then these should be included.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM58: What contribution did monasticism make to Medieval production and trade and how was this impacted by the Dissolution? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Whatcontributio-5d5bad0f6c284<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Study decline of Cistercian wares and production of imitation wares. Changes in iron production and other traditionally monastic based industry. Huge amounts of iron production in the Lake District and there was a big impact on organisation, and a gap from mid-16th to mid-17th centuries. Impact on the Lake District and Furness area.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM59: How can we identify the extent of the land-based communications network systems and how far these were influenced by landownership types including monastic? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howcanweidentif-5d5bad0f6c7e8<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Can we identify and map the major communications routes through the Pennines and from north to south across the region. Use artefact distribution studies alongside landscape survey, place name and documentary evidence. Do we have canals and navigable rivers systems from this period? <\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

LM60: How do we improve our understanding of coin production and coin distribution in the North West? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/nwrf\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/Howdoweimproveo-5d5bad0f6cd8b<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5>Analysis of regional distribution patterns alongside that of hoards and their composition. Link to documentary research. Ensure coinage distribution and other artefacts studies are analysed together to establish chronological relationships. Can this be linked with where the metal came from eg. Cumbria mines and which one? Use PAS database. Many small hoards (of 2 to 10 coins) may be overlooked but need to be included for study. The study of clippings and counterfeits should be of interest.<\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5>NW Research Framework Steering Group <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2019 <\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5> 20\/08\/2024 <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
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