{"id":799,"date":"2021-04-26T09:43:52","date_gmt":"2021-04-26T09:43:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/worcs\/?page_id=799"},"modified":"2022-06-13T16:06:02","modified_gmt":"2022-06-13T16:06:02","slug":"built-environment-buildings-and-landscapes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/worcs\/built-environment-buildings-and-landscapes\/","title":{"rendered":"Built Environment: Buildings and Landscapes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Buildings and Rural Landscapes <\/h1>\n\n\n\n

All rural places and buildings are a reflection of how people have lived, worked, thought and related to each other throughout history. They form an integral part of landscape. Rural landscapes are characterised by a mixture of distinctive settlement patterns which have developed as a result of the unique combination of physical and cultural influences that make one place distinct and recognisable from another. Patterns of settlement display an enormous variation and buildings relate not only to each other but also to the shape and extent of their building plots, routeways, fields and other features in the landscape. Work on settlements has shown that these distinctions have their roots in the medieval period (Roberts and Wrathmell, 2000 and 2002), and work on farmsteads has indicated that their layouts and the dates and types of their buildings are related to local variations in farmed landscapes (Lake and Edwards, 2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Aerial
Nucleated settlement at Peopleton. Historic settlement is recognisable by its consistent, linear building line, established during the medieval period, along Main Road. Older properties typically consisted of a house, facing the road, set within a long narrow plot, connected with the surrounding, communally farmed, open fields. This distinctive pattern of building contrasts significantly with later infill and expansion, built in blocks as small fields become available for development.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"A
A distinctive pattern of small scale fringe settlement encroaching unenclosed land can be seen around surviving commons at Castlemorton and Birtsmorton, on the Malvern Fringe. Photograph \u00a9 Historic England NMR.29434\/023<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The following Research Framework aims to guide professionals working with whole landscapes, as well as local researchers, to step back and consider both how landscape can enrich our understanding of buildings and places and how buildings and places can enrich our understanding of landscape. It aims to promote a broader layer of understanding to building research which can then be followed by more detailed recording and research if required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Placing Buildings in their Landscape Context <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The historic character of England\u2019s landscape results from the way that people since the medieval period and earlier have lived within and used the land and its resources. Rural settlement \u2013 the villages, hamlets, farmsteads and houses that we call home and visit \u2013 is at the core of our everyday lives, connecting us to each other, and to our shared sense of history, and providing a base from which we view and enjoy the wider landscape. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"The
The small settlement of Rochford sits on the southern terrace of the River Teme in an undulating landscape dominated by
scattered settlement, small to medium scale fields, orchards and hopyards. The Grade II* Parish Church of St. Michael, which has its origins in the 12th century, lies to the south of the scheduled, earthwork, remains of a Motte Castle. Motte castles were medieval fortifications introduced into Britain by the Normans. They generally occupied strategic positions and this motte is one of a number positioned strategically along the valley
of the River Teme, possibly at significant crossing places. The settlement, which now consists of a cluster of traditional farmsteads, is most likely an area of shrunken medieval settlement. The remains of a potential \u2018Roman\u2019 road and wall, running alongside the river, suggests that this location may have a long history of occupation. Photograph \u00a9 Historic England NMR 29440_0<\/em>36<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Although all landscapes display a variety of different settlement types, most areas are associated with a dominant settlement character. In England the two most dominant historic settlement patterns are dispersed settlement and nucleated settlement. Many nucleated and dispersed settlements are linear or row plan (they form a long line), following a historic routeway and smaller roads that branch off these main routes, others grew around an area of pasture (a green) for common grazing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maps show how an area has developed over time, the most easily available being Ordnance Survey maps, dating from the 1880s for Worcestershire, and tithe maps dating from the 1840s. Considering the recorded date of earlier buildings – especially those dated from the 17th century and earlier \u2013 and where they are located, is also a useful way of mapping the historic development of an area, complementing the evidence provided by settlement patterns, routeways, fields and woodland. In areas of planned or regular enclosure, early recorded buildings may relate to earlier phases of land use and\/or enclosure which have been largely over-written by later change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Early buildings are generally much sparser in distribution in those areas of England where settlement in the medieval period was dominated by nucleated villages and extensive communally-farmed fields, and where patterns of wealth were less evenly spread and more hierarchical in structure. The growth of nucleated settlement was often driven by affluent landowners wishing to champion their influence, on a landscape and community, and open up markets, from which to increase profits.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Key Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND01: Do houses and other buildings in your area mostly cluster in a village or are they scattered across smaller settlements and farmsteads? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND02: Does recorded date indicate any patterns or shift in settlement? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n\n

Further Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND03: How do buildings relate to surrounding fields, settlement, routeways, waterways, woodland, orchard, parkland and allotments? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND04: Do buildings relate to successive waves of enclosure that have encroached onto common land, heath or woodland? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND05: Are early recorded houses and other buildings sited around public open space (such as a green, recreation land or common land used by the public), a church or market place? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND06: Does settlement have a single, distinctive historic core or more than one centres (focal points)? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND07: Are early recorded houses and other buildings arranged in a regular (indicating a high degree of planning) or irregular (suggesting haphazard or unplanned growth) pattern? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND08: Are buildings placed close together or more spread out, with defined open spaces in-between? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND09: If more spread out, what is the character of open space and how has it changed over time? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND10: Is settlement characterised by a consistent, linear or inconsistent, winding building line? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND11: What is the size and character of building plots and how are buildings set within them? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND12: How has your area developed into its present form? What features have changed\/remained constant? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND13: Has your area changed rapidly as a result of economic and social changes or more organically? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND14: To what extent does later expansion respect or disregard the inherited settlement pattern? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND15: How has the density and setting of buildings changed over time, including their relationship to routeways and open spaces, including gardens? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Road<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Open space<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND16: What are the patterns of movement through, in and around the area? Are there any significant connections and nodes? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Road<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Open space<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND17: How is the settlement pattern connected by routeways for vehicles and pedestrians? Are any designated as public footpaths (PRoWs)? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Road<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Footpath<\/a>, <\/span>Open space<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND18: To what extent do patterns of building relate to road, canal and railway networks? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Road<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Canal<\/a>, <\/span>Footpath<\/a>, <\/span>Open space<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND19: What do the date, scale, alignment of buildings (including houses not associated with mapped farmsteads) reveal about the development of nucleated settlement before the late 19th century? Many farmhouses, for example, were aligned to face main routeways, as was the case in high-status town houses, and occupied several amalgamated plots. <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Road<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Footpath<\/a>, <\/span>Open space<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND20: : Is the gradual enclosure and privatisation of open land, from the 15th and 16th centuries, reflected in the relocation of traditional farmsteads away from settlement cores and into the newly enclosed fields? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Enclosure<\/a>, <\/span>Road<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Footpath<\/a>, <\/span>Open space<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n\n

Buildings and Function<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

While the majority of buildings within our settlements are domestic, some buildings, and the plots they sit within, facilitate a range of industries, businesses and activities from farming, market gardening, orcharding and craft industries to places of worship, commerce and community. Trade and manufacturing made an enormous contribution to rural communities from as early as the medieval period. The Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries, which brought about cultural, social and economic revolution in the techniques of making things, further transformed Britain’s economy, enabled by the development of an extensive transport network. Although specialised commercial areas and buildings developed early, and the numbers of shops grew substantially in the 17th and 18th centuries, few buildings pre-dating the 19th century survive in rural locations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"This
This former, late 19th century shop, in Kemerton retains its shop front and painted signage, \u2018Landaus, Waggonettes & Hunters for hire\u2019. Photograph \u00a9 Worcestershire County Council <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Key Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND21: What does the function of buildings and their dates reveal about how places functioned over time, including the development and\/or decline of local agriculture, commerce and industry? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Commerce<\/a>, <\/span>Industry<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Agriculture<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n\n

Further Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND22: What do buildings reveal about the growth and\/or decline of significant local industries and their relationship with local, regional and even inter-national markets? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Commerce<\/a>, <\/span>Industry<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Agriculture<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND23: Were buildings constructed for a specific function or have they been adapted from earlier buildings to meet the changing social and economic needs of a community? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND24: What range of retail businesses, crafts and trades are recorded in your area, in The English Trade Directories of the 19th century? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Trade<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND25: Are there buildings with an important community function? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Community<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND26: Are buildings of different functions, grouped together in specialized areas or more isolated from each other? Are they located in the centre of the settlement, on its edge or distant from it? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Community<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND27: Are there examples of buildings of different dates\/functions which are becoming increasingly rare within local, regional and national landscapes? For example military buildings, field barns and 19th and 20th century allotment buildings, used for shelter and storing tools? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Community<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND28: Do buildings have significant ecological value or can they provide new potential opportunities for nesting birds, roosting bats and invertebrates? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Settlement<\/a>, <\/span>Village<\/a>, <\/span>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Community<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement pattern<\/a>, <\/span>Settlement morphology<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n\n

Building and Design<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Rural buildings can be incredibly diverse in their architectural style and design, with even later buildings often having a greater variety of designs and materials than first appreciated. The date and form of buildings can provide an indication of conformity to national fashions as well as the persistence of local trends and adaptation to local circumstances as well as patterns of investment \u2013 i.e. the dates of buildings can reveal peaks in prosperity and economic activity, reflect lack of investment in agriculture or industry or a desire to maintain a historic link with the past or sweep away what has been inherited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"This
This photograph, of Manor Road in Little Comberton, records buildings, dating from the 16th century to the 19th century, in the historic core of the village. The buildings, which reflect both local vernacular traditions and national trends in architectural style, are set close to the road within narrow building plots that back directly onto the farmland beyond, creating a sense of connectively to the rural landscape. Photograph \u00a9 Worcestershire County Council<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Key Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND29: How does the design of buildings, of different dates and types, reflect both local vernacular traditions and national trends? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n\n

Further Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND30: What are the dominant building materials? Are materials local to the area or have they been transported in from further afield? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Material<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND31: In what ways does development reflect changes in the accessibility and affordability of buildings materials and constructional techniques? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Material<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND32: Are buildings of different dates characterised by a diversity or uniformity of scale, form and design? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Material<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND33: How have landed estates shaped the tradition, architectural style and design of local buildings? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Estate building<\/a>, <\/span>Material<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND34: To what extent do later buildings reflect an increasing uniformity and standardisation in house design? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Material<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND35: Do new buildings reflect a growing environmental agenda and embrace new sustainable technology and design? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Material<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n\n

Buildings and Society <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The location and orientation of the houses suggest how their owners saw themselves and how they wanted themselves to be seen, which may have changed over time \u2013 for example, a house re-fronted to look away from its working farmyard into its own driveway or garden, with a prospect over the wider landscape, may reflect the burgeoning wealth and status its owner or tenant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Key Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND36: What do the types and dates of development tell us about how households and communities organised themselves over time? Think about changing attitudes to housing, education, health and worship. <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active <\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021 <\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a> <\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Building<\/a>, <\/span>Farmstead<\/a>, <\/span>Material<\/a>, <\/span>Education<\/a>, <\/span>Health<\/a>, <\/span>Religion<\/a>, <\/span>Landscape<\/a>, <\/span>Community<\/a> <\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n\n\n

Further Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND37: How do buildings reflect the changing size and structure of households over time? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND38: How do buildings reflect the changing occupations, affluence and aspirations of their inhabitants? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND39: What can buildings tell you about changing attitudes to national and local investment in public housing, education and health? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND40: How do buildings reflect changing ways of worship and community life? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND41: To what extent have landed states shaped the provision of model villages, local farms, houses, factories, schools and other community buildings? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND42: To what extent is social mobility and the massive increase in home ownership, since the mid-20th century reflected in the density and setting of domestic buildings? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND43: How do buildings reflect changing attitudes to private space both within society and in the context of planning? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND44: How do patterns of building reflect England\u2019s transition, during the 19th century, from a largely rural economy to a largely industrial economy? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND45: How do patterns of building reflect cycles of prosperity and recession and periods of war and peace? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND46: Which buildings have particular significance as prominent landmarks or special associations with local history, individuals or families? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>01\/04\/2021<\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Market Gardening ‘Hovels’<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

At one time, most of the population around Evesham and Pershore in Worcestershire were employed in market gardening or a related industry. A wide variety of vegetables, fruit, herbs and cut flowers grown by independent growers were sold at markets up and down the country from the mid-19th to mid-20th century. As all gardeners know, a shed is essential for storing equipment, produce and providing shelter. Market gardening was no exception: rows of timber, corrugated iron and occasionally brick built structures once lined the ends of their grounds. Generally built to market gardeners\u2019 own design and requirements, each was unique in both design and function. Some doubled up as temporary accommodation for hired hands, some were used for keeping racing pigeons or brewing homemade alcohol and one even served as a monthly barber\u2019s shop!
Locally known as \u2018hovels\u2019 (or \u2018ovels), these distinctive small buildings once dotted the landscape and were significant social hubs, as well as practical buildings. Hovels are a distinctive and unique aspect of market gardening in the Vale of Evesham, as they do not appear to have been built in other market gardening regions. Since the rise of commercial horticulture and gradual decline of market gardening during the latter half of the 20th century, these small buildings have been slowly disappearing through abandonment and change of land use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Key Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n

WORCSB_LAND47: When were hovels built and how long did they typically remain in use? Do different construction styles differ in date? And are brick hovels the earliest surviving examples? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/worcs\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-62a75cdcf3811<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5><\/span><\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5><\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>13\/06\/2022<\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5><\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a><\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Hovel<\/a>, <\/span>Market garden<\/a>, <\/span>Allotment shed<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND48: Identification of historic hovels in and around Pershore <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/worcs\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-62a75cf632df1<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5><\/span><\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5><\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>13\/06\/2022<\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5><\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a><\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Hovel<\/a>, <\/span>Market garden<\/a>, <\/span>Allotment shed<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND49: Understand the reasons behind the distribution of hovels \u2013 does this follow differences in the type of crops grown, soils, land ownership, collection methods or other factors? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/worcs\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-62a75d10bc866<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5><\/span><\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5><\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>13\/06\/2022<\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5><\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a><\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Hovel<\/a>, <\/span>Market garden<\/a>, <\/span>Allotment shed<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>

WORCSB_LAND50: Where does the name \u2018hovel\u2019 come from and how did its use differ across the Vale of Evesham? <\/h3>
More information on this question <\/summary>
URI: <\/h5>https:\/\/researchframeworks.org\/worcs\/researchframework\/v1\/question\/question-62a75d2617a2c<\/a><\/span>
More information: <\/h5><\/span><\/span>
Status: <\/h5>Active<\/span>
Authority to change status: <\/h5><\/span>
Date accepted: <\/h5>13\/06\/2022<\/span>
Date of next review: <\/h5><\/span>
Linked Strategy(s): <\/h5><\/span>
Found in the following Frameworks: <\/h5>Worcestershire<\/a><\/span>
Categories: <\/h5>Hovel<\/a>, <\/span>Market garden<\/a>, <\/span>Allotment shed<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bibliography <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hathaway , E and J. Lake. 2017. Synthesis of Rural Buildings in their Setting: Project Report, Case Study and Research Questions. Worcestershire County Council and Historic England report.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lake, J and B. Edwards, \u2018Farmsteads and Landscape: Towards an Integrated View\u2019, Landscapes, 7.1 (2006), 1-36.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O’Hare, N. 2021. An overview of market gardening hovels in the Vale of Evesham.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roberts, B.K. and S. Wrathmell. 2000. An Atlas of Rural Settlement in England, English Heritage, London.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roberts, B.K. and S. Wrathmell. 2002. Region and Place: A study of English rural settlement, English Heritage, London.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Built Environment<\/h2>\r\n

Return to the Built Environment
Research Frameworks Main Page<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n

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Built Environment<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/a>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Main Page<\/h2>\r\n

Return to the Worcestershire
Research Frameworks Main Page<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n

\r\n

Worcestershire Research Framework for the Historic Environment<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/a>\r\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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